Lesson 4: Learning Grammar Through Conversations by Dr. Snea Thinsan

(Present Perfect vs. Past Simple)

A: "I ___ my keys. I can't find them anywhere."

B: "When ___ you last see them?"

a) lost / did
b) have lost / did
c) have lost / do

Answer: b) have lost / did - Present Perfect is used to indicate something that happened at an unspecified time before now, and Past Simple is used to refer to a specific time in the past.

(Second Conditional)

A: "If I ___ a million dollars, I would travel the world."

B: "That's a great dream!"

a) have
b) had
c) will have

Answer: b) had - Second Conditional uses 'if' + past simple to talk about hypothetical situations.

(Gerunds vs. Infinitives)

A: "I enjoy ___ to music."

B: "Me too. It's very relaxing."

a) listen
b) listening
c) to listen

Answer: b) listening - Gerunds are used as nouns and 'listening' functions as the object of 'enjoy.'

(Modals of Possibility)

A: "Where's John? He ___ be at work."

B: "No, he has the day off."

a) must
b) might
c) can

Answer: b) might - 'Might' is used to indicate possibility.

(Adjective Order)

A: "She has a ___ car."

B: "It's beautiful!"

a) red small
b) small red
c) red small

Answer: b) small red - Adjectives follow a specific order: size before color.

(Relative Pronouns)

A: "The book ___ I borrowed was excellent."

B: "I'm glad you liked it."

a) who
b) whose
c) that

Answer: c) that - 'That' is used as a relative pronoun for things.

(Present Perfect Continuous vs. Present Continuous)

A: "How long ___ you been waiting?"

B: "For about an hour."

a) have
b) are
c) do

Answer: a) have - Present Perfect Continuous tense is used for actions that started in the past and continue to the present.

(Third Conditional)

A: "If I ___ harder, I would have passed the exam."

B: "Don't worry, you can try again."

a) studied
b) had studied
c) study

Answer: b) had studied - Third Conditional uses 'if' + past perfect to talk about hypothetical past situations.

(Passive Voice: Past Simple)

A: "The cake ___ by my mom."

B: "It's delicious!"

a) was made
b) made
c) is made

Answer: a) was made - Passive voice in Past Simple is formed with 'was' + past participle.

(Comparative and Superlative Adjectives)

A: "This is the ___ movie I've ever seen."

B: "I agree, it's really good."

a) better
b) best
c) good

Answer: b) best - Superlative adjectives are used to describe the highest degree of a quality.

Lesson 3: Learning Grammar Through Conversations by Dr. Snea Thinsan

(Past Simple vs. Past Continuous)

A: "What ___ you doing when the phone rang?"

B: "I ___ a book."

a) was / read
b) were / was reading
c) were / read

Answer: b) were / was reading - 'Were' is used with 'you' in Past Continuous, and 'was reading' describes an ongoing action in the past.

(Future Continuous)

A: "What will you be doing at 7 PM tomorrow?"

B: "I ___ dinner with my family."

a) will be having
b) have
c) will have

Answer: a) will be having - Future Continuous tense is used for actions that will be happening at a specific future time.

(Past Perfect)

A: "By the time we arrived, the movie ___ started."

B: "Oh no, we missed the beginning!"

a) has
b) had
c) have

Answer: b) had - Past Perfect tense is used for actions completed before another action in the past.

(Quantifiers)

A: "How ___ sugar do you need?"

B: "Just a little."

a) many
b) much
c) more

Answer: b) much - 'Much' is used with uncountable nouns like 'sugar.'

(Relative Clauses)

A: "Do you know the girl ___ is sitting over there?"

B: "Yes, she's in my class."

a) which
b) who
c) whose

Answer: b) who - 'Who' is used for people in relative clauses.

(Present Perfect Continuous)

A: "How long ___ you been studying English?"

B: "For about three years."

a) have
b) has
c) are

Answer: a) have - Present Perfect Continuous tense uses 'have' for actions that started in the past and continue in the present.

(Conditionals: Type 1)

A: "If it rains tomorrow, we ___ go to the park."

B: "Yes, we'll stay home instead."

a) won't
b) don't
c) didn't

Answer: a) won't - First conditional uses 'will' in the main clause and 'if' in the conditional clause for future possibilities.

(Passive Voice: Present Simple)

A: "This book ___ in many languages."

B: "It's very popular worldwide."

a) translates
b) is translated
c) translated

Answer: b) is translated - Passive voice in Present Simple is formed with 'is' + past participle.

(Modals of Advice)

A: "I'm feeling sick."

B: "You ___ see a doctor."

a) should
b) can
c) must

Answer: a) should - 'Should' is used to give advice.

(Tag Questions)

A: "You don't like coffee, ___?"

B: "No, I prefer tea."

a) do you
b) don't you
c) are you

Answer: a) do you - Tag questions use the opposite auxiliary verb form of the statement.